這是非常有用的一份資料, 各種市面能找到的近攝鏡片的屈光度.


原址  http://fuzzcraft.fuzzphoto.eu/achromats.html



























































































































































































































































































































ManufacturerModelSizesDiopters (+)Optimized for lensVerifiedPrice range
Canon500D [1]52 58 72 77270-300YesMed
Canon250D [1]52 58450-135YesMed
Century opticsAchromatic diopter582 4 740-300YesHigh
Heliopan [2]Achromat close-up49 55 67 823 4 5 6-NoHigh
HoyaMacro Close-Up filter49 52 551050YesMed
LeicaElpro 1?2.5?YesHigh
LeicaElpro 2?4.9?YesHigh
LeicaElpro 3?1.66?YesHigh
LeicaElpro 4?.75?YesHigh
MinoltaNo.049 550.9450-200YesLow
MinoltaNo.149 552.024-200YesLow
MinoltaNo.249 553.824-50YesLow
Nikon3T521.580-200YesLow
Nikon4T522.980-200YesLow
Nikon5T621.580-200YesLow
Nikon6T622.980-200YesLow
OlympusClose-up lens [3]495.980NoN/A
OlympusiS/L lens A-Macro492.5-NoMed
OlympusiS/L lens B-Macro552.5-YesMed
OlympusiS/L lens A-Lifesize Macro [4]497.7-NoHigh
ManufacturerModelSizesDiopter (+)Optimized for lensVerifiedPrice range
OlympusMCON-40552.5?YesMed
OlympusMCON-35622.9?YesMed
OptekaHigh definition 10x macro [5]52 55 581050-300YesLow
Pentax [6]S3358350NoMed
PentaxS56581.850NoMed
PentaxS82671.2250-105NoHigh
PentaxT226670.4450-200NoHigh
PentaxT132670.7650-200NoHigh
RaynoxMSN-200 [5]37+10?50-300YesLow
RaynoxMSN-500 [5]37+20?50-300YesLow
RaynoxDCR-150 [4]43 52-67450-300YesLow
RaynoxDCR-250 [4]43 52-67850-300YesLow
SigmaAchromatic macro lens52 581.670-300YesLow
SigmaLife-size attachment [7]52 581.670-300YesLow
SonyVCLM3358583?YesLow
VivitarLife-size attachment493.3?100mmNoHigh
ZoerkMakroscope type I521250-135YesHigh

 


***********************************************************************************************


2010.04.23補述


我不是光學的理論專家, 也不能跟各位講述屈光度的原理. 只能來講實際的.


例如CANON的500D近攝鏡, 屈光度(Diopters)是2. 現在你有一顆鏡頭的最近拍攝距離是0.3公尺.  那麼這顆鏡頭前面加上一片500D近攝鏡後, 最近拍距離=1/(2+1/0.3)=0.19公尺.


這篇文章內講的近攝鏡都是高級貨, 是多鏡片組合的(大都是2片鏡片), 這種近攝鏡有的都跟一顆鏡頭的價格相同了.


一般那種兩三百塊錢台幣的近攝鏡, 其編號就是它的屈光度, 例如一組3片的, 就都是1,2,4這3片一個包裝的. 編號4就是屈光度為4, 這種廉價的單一鏡片的近攝鏡, 缺點就是拍出來的照片只有中間少部份是清晰的, 愈往邊緣愈模糊.  如果拍攝物是一個平面, 這種照片根本不能用.  只有當主體是畫面中間的一小部份, 旁邊都是背景, 拍出來的照片才能"孝孤".


 


 


********************************************************** 


 以下另一篇, 原址 http://www.angelfire.com/ca/erker/closeups.html


Currently Available 2 Element (Achromatic)
Close-up Lenses












































































































































































































ManufacturerModel #SizeDioptersLens FLMfgr Catalog #B & H Price
Brenner catalog [1]unnamed 52 or 58 mm+6.0 ? mm42552, 42558DEM 129
Canon [2]250D 52 or 58 mm+4.0 50-135 mmC543861, C543871$69.00, $82.99
Canon500D 52 or 58 mm+2.0 70-300 mmC543881, C543891$69.00, $82.95
Canon500D 72 or 77 mm+2.0 70-300 mmC543901, C54391$115.00, $134.95
Heliopan [3]Achromat Close Up 49, 55, 67, 82 mm+3, 4, 5, 6 none given1049, 1055, 1067, 1082$232, $278, $464, $603
Hoya [4]Macro Close-Up filter 49, 52, 55 mm+10 50mm??$74.95
Leica [5]Elpro 1, 2 44, 55 mm+2.5, 4.9 50 mm16541, 16542DEM 253
Leica Elpro 3, 4 55 mm1.66, 0.75 90-135 mm16543, 16544DEM 299
Minolta [6]No. 0 49 or 55 mm+0.94 50-200 mm6711110, 6031530$29.95
MinoltaNo. 1 49 or 55 mm+2.0 24-200 mm6711120, 6031540$29.95
MinoltaNo. 2 49 or 55 mm+3.8 24-50 mm6711130, 6031550$29.95
Nikon [7]3T, 4T 52 mm+1.5, +2.9 80-200 mm2736, 2737$29.95
Nikon 5T, 6T 62 mm+1.5, +2.9 80-200 mm4536, 4537$42.95
Olympus [8] Close-up lens 80mm Macro f=170mm 49 mm+5.9 for 80mm f4 auto-macro104004$??.??
Olympus [8] iS/L Lens A-Macro 49 mm+2.5 for IS-1000/IS-2000 cameras?$??.??
Olympus [8] iS/L Lens A-Lifesize Macro 49 mm+7.7 (3 element) for IS-2000 camera?$??.??
Olympus [8] iS/L Lens B-Macro 55 mm+2.5 for IS-3 camera103895$94.95
Pentax [9]S33, S56 58 mm+3, +1.8 75mm on 64538411, 38412$79.95
PentaxS82 67 mm+1.22 90-105mm on 6x737830$99.95
PentaxT132, T226 67 mm+0.76, +0.44 150-200mm, 200mm on 6x737831, 37832$99.95
Sigma [10]Close-up lens 58 mm+1.6 70-300 mm501AML$39.95
Tokina [11]?? 72 mm< +1 (guess) for AT-X 840AF lens (80-400mm) CUP840$59.95
Vivitar [12]Life Size Attachment 49 mm+3.3?? 100 mmc/w 100mm f3.5 Macro lens$114.95-$169.95
Any mfgr [13]50mm lens f2 or faster Varies+20 telephotoVariesVaries. Mounting ring ~$10






Notes:



  1. The Brenner catalog does not list the
    manufacturer of their CU lens. Price shown is in German Marks.


  2. Canon Germany's sales catalog still lists the 240 (+4.2) and 450 (+2.2)
    achromatic closeup lenses in 52mm size.


  3. Heliopan prices are US list. Dealers may sell for less. Heliopan doesn't
    make any recommendations about what lens focal lengths work best with their CU
    lenses.


  4. The Hoya info was provided by M. Lombardi. He also stated that he has tried
    the B+W +10 diopter CU lens and that the B+W isn't achromatic and thus shows
    colour fringing. The Hoya filter is shown as being available in 58mm size on the
    THK (Hoya distributor) web page but not on B & H's page. B+W does make +1,
    +2 and +3 diopter achromatic closeup lenses in 138mm size for film/video use.


  5. Leica info courtesy of Dieter Lefeling and Thomas Schreyegg. The prices are
    from a large German mailorder house "Wuerzburger Fotoversand" and are in German
    Marks. (Prices from August 1999).


  6. Minolta CU lenses are designed for 50mm lenses but will work with lens FL's
    of the range indicated.


  7. Len FL info is according to John Shaw in his book "Closeups in Nature".
    Prices updated Nov23/99 from B & H web page.


  8. New: The IS closeup lenses without pricing info may be discontinued.
    (Additional info appreciated).


  9. The Pentax lens info was provided by Pentax USA and prices were taken from
    the B & H web page in July 98. The Pentax CU lenses for 35mm cameras are not
    listed because they are single element lenses. The CU lenses shown are designed
    for Pentax's 645 and 67 cameras but would likely work on 35 mm camera lenses
    with the correct filter size. Pentax CU lens names are S or T followed by the
    lens focal length in centimetres. The S means that the CU lens is designed for a
    short focal length lens, generally the normal lens for that format (50mm in 35mm
    format, 75 mm in 645 format etc). The T stands for Telephoto and thus are meant
    to be used with telephoto lenses in that format (80mm and up in 35mm format
    etc). To convert the cm focal length into diopters divide 100 by the cm (eg. the
    T33 is 100/33= 3 diopters).


  10. Reportedly is a 2-element CU lens. B & H web page shows that it works
    with a number of lenses which have differing filter sizes. A contributor reports
    the strength as +1.6 diopters and says it is of very high optical quality.


  11. New: The Tokina lens focuses to 2.5m (equal to +0.4 diopters from
    infinity). So the add-on lens is likely less than 1 diopter (perhaps 0.4 or 0.5)
    which would give a range of focusing from infinity down to a meter or so. Tokina
    also has a CUP353 close up lens for their 35~300 zoom, but since it sells for
    $24.95 I have to presume it's not 2-element. (Corrections always appreciated.)


  12. Reported as a 2-element CU lens in the July '96 Pop Photo mini-review of the
    100mm f3.5 lens.


  13. Reverse mounting a 50mm lens on the front of a telephoto lens (using a
    male-male macro coupling ring, $8-$10 from B & H ) will give you extreme
    closeups. The 50mm lens is well corrected and acts like a +20 diopter CU lens.
    Mounted on a 200mm telephoto it will give you 4 times life size. There may be
    some vignetting depending on the 50mm lens speed (use it wide open). This can be
    reduced or eliminated by focusing the telephoto lens to minimum distance or by
    using a short extension tube.





Lens FL refers to the focal length of the camera lens that the close up lens is
designed for. Use with a different lens FL may cause sharpness to suffer.

Diopters are the optical strength of the CU lens. Its focal length can be
calculated by using FL = 1000/Diopters. This is also the distance that will now
be in focus when the lens is focused at infinity. (A +2 diopter will bring a
subject at 1/2 metre {500mm} away into focus.)

To estimate minimum focus distance convert the camera lens minimum distance
to diopters and add it to the CU lens strength. So a +2 CU lens used with a lens
that focuses to 1 metre will act (approximately) like a +3 CU lens and bring a
subject at 1/3 metre into focus.

Another approach is to calculate magnification. Convert the diopter strength
to millimeters focal length (CU FL = 1000/Diopters). Then divide the camera lens
FL by the CU lens FL to get the magnification when the lens is focused at
infinity. Thus a +2 CU is 500mm FL. If you use it on a 50mm lens you will get
1:10 life size. The same +2 on a 300mm lens will give you 0.6 of lifesize
(1:1.66).





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